Diabetes: A Growing Threat to Global Health

Understanding the Basics

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects how your body turns food into energy. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that make insulin. Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which the body does not make enough insulin or does not use insulin properly.

Symptoms of Diabetes

The symptoms of diabetes can vary depending on the type of diabetes. Common symptoms of type 1 diabetes include:

• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Increased hunger
• Fatigue

Common symptoms of type 2 diabetes include:

• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Blurred vision
• Frequent infections
• Slow-healing sores

Risk Factors for Diabetes

There are several risk factors for diabetes, including:

• Obesity
• Physical inactivity
• Family history of diabetes
• Certain ethnic groups
• Age (over 45)

Treatment for Diabetes

There is no cure for diabetes, but it can be managed with medication, diet, and exercise. Treatment for type 1 diabetes typically includes insulin therapy. Treatment for type 2 diabetes may include oral medications, insulin therapy, or both.

Outlook for Diabetes

The outlook for people with diabetes depends on the type of diabetes and how well it is managed. With proper management, people with diabetes can live long, healthy lives.